Jamestown Rediscovery
  Home: Resources: Journal: Volume 1: Owsley: 2.1 Burial Recovery
Recovery and Analysis of Jamestown Rediscovery South Churchyard Burials from the 1999 Field Season
Douglas Owsley, Karin Bruwelheide, and Rebecca Kardash
 
2. Burial 4 (JR316F-400)

2.1 Burial Recovery

The in situ examination of Burial 4 revealed the nearly complete skull and postcranial skeleton of an adult male, probably of middle age, with the remains of a hexagonal wood coffin. The skeleton was oriented on a northwest-southeast axis with the head to the northwest. The face was tilted to the northeast. The individual was fully extended and resting on his back with the face up. The right humerus was positioned tightly against the sideboard of the coffin. Both arms were slightly flexed at the elbows. The left hand rested on the left ilium and the right hand was higher and positioned over the middle of the pelvic cavity. The palmar surfaces of both hands were down.

Preservation of this skeleton is poor--a condition likely due to the presence of a wood coffin with thick boards that did not allow for adequate drainage. The coffin has a hexagonal shape and 73 coffin nails have been identified. Although the headboard and upper sideboards appear to be relatively complete, the wood near the lower extremities is not as well preserved. This lack of preservation may account for the better condition of the bones of the legs, as compared to those of the upper body. The upper arms are especially deteriorated.

There is no evidence that this was a shroud burial. No staining from shroud pins was apparent and there was moderately wide spacing between the knees and ankles, an observation supporting the inference that the burial was not wrapped in a shroud.

The skeleton had five buttons associated with it; each originally served to fasten clothing. Three buttons were present in the right pelvic region. One brass button measuring 24 mm across was resting immediately inferior to the distal end of the right ulna. A 26 mm in diameter white brass button was on the neck of the right femur. Another button was located on the anterior-superior spine of the right innominate; it measured 16 mm across. A fourth button, 20 mm in diameter, was located under the metacarpals of the right hand and the phalanges of the left hand, but above the sacrum. It is a composite button made of wood with a copper alloy face. The fifth button, located in the right pelvis regions, is brass. It measured 17 mm in diameter and was found in the acetabulum of the left os coxae, resting on the head of the left femur.

This burial dates post-1750 based on the presence of a white brass button associated with the skeleton.


 



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